According to Encyclopedia, Acrocarpous Mosses are those in which the female sex organs archegonia are present at the tip of branches or stems. The sporophytes emerge from tips of the plant. This type of moss does not regenerate from its fragments as rapidly as the Pleurocarpous mosses. The stems of Acrocarps are so thick and dense that it is highly unlikely that weeds will attack them. Acrocarpous mosses cannot tolerate constant moisture for periods longer than two to three months.
If they are exposed to moisture continuously, they will rot. In order to survive, they need to periodically dry out. Because of their height and periodic drying out, they are not fast growing.
A fragment or spore of Acrocarpous moss may take up to 2 years to form a carpet of moss. The common Acrocarp mosses for gardens include Dicranum scoparium , Polytrichum commune, Luecobryum glaucum , and Campylopus introflexus.
Pleurocarps grow in a prostrated position. They form spreading carpets. They branch freely in a chaotic manner. They grow rapidly. According to Encyclopedia, Pleurocarpous mosses are those in which the female sex organs archegonia and the capsule are found on branches that are short and lateral. They are not found on the tips of branches as in Acrocarps. The sporophytes emerge on the mid of the stem. They regenerate rapidly from their broken fragments.
They attach quickly to the stone. This feature, along with its fast growth rate, makes them a better option for colonizing hard substrates. Due to their low, even profile, their maintenance is easier.
Pleurocarpous mosses can tolerate constant moisture. Some species may even be found submerged. They are fast growing and their ever-branching character makes them spread over a new territory. They can double in size in just six months. The common Pleurocarps for gardens include Plagiomnium cuspidatum , Thuidium delecatulum , Climacium americanum , Entodon seductrix , Bryoandersonia illecebra , Hypnum imponens , and Hypnum cupressiforme. Source: Mossandstonegardens.
Common Haircap is an Acrocarpous moss that is most commonly found in regions which are humid and receive a lot of rainfall. They are one of the tallest species of mosses. They can grow as tall as 30 cm and rarely, up to 70 cm high. It is dark green in color but as the plant age, it turns brown. Each stem of this type of moss looks like a pine tree.
The leaves of Common Haircap are usually 6 to 8 mm in length and can be as long as 12 mm. They are erect when dry but when they are moist, they have curved tips. Mosses do not have a prominent conduction system but the Common Haircap has a clear water conduction system. Silky Forklet Moss is an Acrocarpous moss. It is commonly found growing in woodlands, banks, ditches, and on tree stumps. They grow best in acidic soil.
The leaves of Silky Forklet Moss are long and narrow. They are green-yellow in color. All the leaves are curled in the same direction which forms clumps that grow to be about 3 cm tall.
Each leaf is about 3 mm to 3. They remain curved in both moist and dry conditions. It has upright stems. It is dark and dull green in color. It is most commonly found growing on rotten wood, tree bases, rock ledges, and peat. The leaves are approximately 4 mm long and can grow to be as long as 8mm. They grow upright, towards the tip of the shoot. The lower part of the stem has leaves that are smaller and narrowly triangular.
Common Tamarisk Moss forms thick mats or tuffs. They prefer shady places with heavy soil. Hence, they are most commonly found in woodlands, rotting woods, and on trees. Unusually for moss, juniper moss prefers dry habitats and is rarely found growing in moist environments, it also grows well in exposed locations, whereas most moss prefers a sheltered habitat. It is widespread and can typically be found growing on dry grasslands, forest footpaths, quarries, and gravel. It has an attractive but unfriendly look to it, with spiky foliage in rosette-like patterns.
This fuzzy moss grows on long tail-like stems. Older foliage takes on a brown hue, while newer foliage is bright green. This moss is one of the most commonly found types of moss growing throughout forests in the Pacific Midwest. Its ideal habitat is moist and fertile soil, though it can also be found growing along riverbanks and streams and on trees. This moss has a distinct lacy look.
Its foliage is bright yellow-green and reminiscent of a fern. It has dark stems which contrast the leaves. Unlike most types of moss that prefer acidic soil, common tamarisk moss is typically found growing on neutral soils. It grows in dense tufts on damp ground and rotting logs Woodland Trust.
Leaves are bright green with a stiff texture, which becomes crispy when the plant is dry. It is commonly found growing on rocks and grasslands and will tolerate a wide range of soil types. It prefers a shaded position but will cope with some exposure to sunlight. Credit to HermannSchachner. This attractive moss has more of a look of a succulent plant than typical moss. It has stubby red stems from which stiff triangular foliage grows in a rosette pattern, much like an aloe plant. It enjoys heavy shade and will grow abundantly in sheltered areas on sandy soil and rotting logs.
This is the most common moss among the Didymodon species. It is commonly found growing amongst gaps in concrete, paving slabs, rocks, and bricks in old walls. It is made up of lots of tiny leaves that clump together to form soft, dense mats. It has a dark emerald green color and prefers moist, shaded conditions.
American Tree Moss Credit to copepodo. Common Haircap Moss. Spoon Leaved Moss Credit to scadwell. Springy Turf Moss. Heath Star Moss. Baby Tooth Moss. Pincushion Moss. Mood Moss Credit to Jason Hollinger.
Plume Moss. Ribbed Bog Moss Credit to tim-waters. Mosses are important ecologically as one of the first colonisers of bare ground. They absorb huge quantities of water, helping to soak up rainfall and create a locally humid environment. They also act as an important home for other creatures. These are mainly invertebrates and include species like woodlice and slugs.
Moss is also home to a host of microscopic invertebrates such as rotifers, tardigrades and nematodes. There are around 1, bryophyte species the term that includes both mosses and liverworts in the UK. Many require microscopes to distinguish between closely-related species. Here are some of the more common species of moss that are easy to identify.
They can all be found in woodland or growing on tree stumps. One of the tallest UK mosses, this species can form tufts up to 40cm tall. Found in acidic areas of high rainfall and humidity, such as wet heaths, bogs and moorland and by streams in woodland. To me, each stem looks like a tiny pine tree. Its long and narrow yellow-green leaves are all curled in the same direction, forming clumps up to 3cm tall.
It prefers shaded areas such as banks, ditches, woodland and tree stumps and is found on acidic soils. This is one of the most common mosses and is especially abundant in woodland. It can be found in clumps up to 4cm-tall growing on tree bases, rotting wood, peat and rock ledges in acidic conditions.
Common on damp ground, trees and rotting wood. It forms yellowish-green or dark green thick mats or tufts. More commonly found in neutral soils. Found in woodland, heaths and moors, forming glossy yellowish-green or brownish carpets with red stems. Shoots can be 10cm long or more.
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