Between and an intensive and fruitful collaboration took place, with Grinder benefiting from Bandler's knowledge of psychotherapy and Bandler from Grinder's knowledge of linguistics.
This combination was particularly valuable in modelling the therapeutic brilliance of Virginia Satir, Friedrich Perls and the hypnotherapist Milton Erickson.
In modelling, specific skills of a person are made learnable and usable for others through systematic and precise observation and questioning. Patterns and rules were derived so that the skills of interest could be imitated by third parties.
Bandler and Grinder was not primarily concerned with describing something true, but with making something useful for others to learn. As confirmation of the success of their analyses and observations of Satir and Perls they saw the confirmation that they could produce the same results in other people as the person they had modelled.
In early , both began to develop the first meta-model structures with a group of students held in a squatted house on Mission Street in Santa Cruz.
The meta-model is, in simple terms, a model of very specific questions that can be used to uncover thought patterns and obtain profound information. The starting point for research in the Meta-Model groups was the consideration that verbal exchange between therapist and client is a central characteristic of all therapeutic change work.
Consequently, it was to be assumed that in the verbal communication of Friedrich Perls and Virginia Satir specific speech patterns would crystallize and could be cemented, making the problematic processes conscious and inducing changes.
Through the linguistic background knowledge of John Grinder, both researchers succeeded in creating starting points for a model that enabled the targeted collection of information about the imaginary world of a person. They modelled the essential linguistic skills of Perls and Satir and managed to describe these structures explicitly and thus to be able to pass them on. From the end of onwards, Bandler and Grinder regularly participated in teaching courses by the hypnotherapist Milton H.
Again with the primary aim of studying Erickson's work with people and to address his speech patterns and behaviour. The results were refined, as in Satir and Perls, recorded in writing, tested in student groups for their applicability and integrated into the existing body of knowledge.
In and the aim of the group work was to develop further formal models for communication. Since, in addition to language behaviour, the non-verbal behaviour of Perls, Satir and Erickson seemed to contribute significantly to the therapeutic effect achieved, the effective non-verbal elements were then primarily analysed and attempted to present.
The resulting models were later used not only for psychotherapy but also for everyday communication. Different types of procedures were applied and newly conceived, which, in addition to the methods of Perls and Satir, led to the current form of NLP. Bandler and Grinder documented their first discoveries in the four books published between and These were:.
The courses quickly met with great approval. In the following years NLP became more and more popular and is now used worldwide, especially in the fields of therapy, education and management. In Bandler and Grinder developed the concept of reframing. It shows how one can contact unconscious parts that are the cause of undesired behaviour or symptoms of illness.
In this way, changes became possible that were previously only conceivable under classical hypnosis. In , the concept of submodalities was invented, making it one of the most effective and impressive techniques of NLP.
The submodalities represent a quasi programming language of the brain, which every person can use consciously, if he knows the commands. Humans absorb information with their five senses, process and store it internally as events and thoughts, which are represented within their senses - the so-called modalities. These modalities can in turn be specified more precisely and thus it is possible to inquire more precisely about the inner image of a past experience. What is special about this method is that it takes advantage of the fact that the human brain not only reacts to WHAT we think, but also to HOW a person thinks, e.
This is a method that is particularly suitable for the gentle healing of traumatic experiences in the past. With the help of the timeline, unconscious or repressed traumas that are the cause of physical or emotional problems can be found and mentally processed. In Robert Dilts developed Reimprinting, a process for changing limiting beliefs and convictions that have arisen from the relationship structures of our childhood.
An imprint is a powerful past experience from which the person has formed a belief or set of beliefs that are effective in his or her world. Such imprinting usually also involves an unconscious assumption of roles by other important people involved.
The purpose of re-imprinting is to find the missing resources, to change the belief system and to adapt the role model developed there to the real and acute circumstances of the person concerned. There is a third comrade-in-arms who, after thirty years of silence, has now come out into the open: Frank Pucelik. Richard Bandler was born in in the state of New Jersey.
In the mids he joined the hippie movement and was one of the long-haired flower children. Through these music lessons he often came into conversation with Mrs Spitzer and she discovered that Richard Bandler was very open to all philosophical questions and that he had a special way of teaching her son to play the piano.
Over time, the Spitzers tried to develop Richard Bandler's talents further, as they saw in him a multi-talented and exceptionally skilful young man. Robert Spitzer employed him a while later in his publishing house and taught him various publishing activities. After college, Richard Bandler began studying philosophy, mathematics and computer science at the University of California at Santa Cruz.
Over time, however, Bandler's interest in the behavioural sciences and its study became increasingly important in addition to these subjects. He paid special attention to the therapy methods of Friedrich Perls, the founder of Gestalt therapy. One day in Reno he met the successful family therapist Virginia Satir at one of her workshops and was very enthusiastic about her work.
Through sharing his experiences with Virginia Satir, Robert Spitzer asked him to travel to Canada on behalf of his publisher to record and transcribe a four-week seminar with Virginia Satir. While Bandler accepted this commission and spent the following months working intensively on Satir's work, he miraculously adopted more and more of Virginia Satir's expression and choice of words.
Shortly after Bandler edited and transcribed the material of Virginia Satir, Robert Spitzer asked him to edit the material of Friedrich Perls, the well-known Gestalt therapist, and to draft a manuscript. As with Virginia Satir, Bandler worked intensively on the extensive material of Perls and began to imitate again the way of speaking and even the behaviour.
It is reported that Spitzer once even addressed Bandler with "Fritz" by mistake, because he simply behaved too similar to him. However, Fritz Perls then inspired Bandler so much that he had three books published with the material he had obtained. The titles of the books were:. He studied at the University of San Francisco and graduated in philosophy in the early s. He then joined the military and served as a Green Beret in Europe. After working for several years as an undercover agent for the CIA, he began his linguistics studies at the University of California in San Diego in the late s.
As John Grinder was interested in advanced learning methods, he became a supervisor for Richard Bandler's Gestalt therapy courses. In order to further expand the newly discovered field of NLP, he continued to develop new patterns in the mids. It is more valuable for a person to view their experience in terms of a learning frame than in terms of a failure frame.
If a person does not succeed in something, that does not mean they have failed. It just means that they have discovered one way not to do that particular thing. The person then needs to vary their behaviour until they find a way to succeed. NLP consists of a set of powerful techniques to effect change.
Some of these techniques are as follows, with their definitions:. The technical content in this free NLP article is provided for this website by Robert Smith, and this is gratefully acknowledged. This material can be used freely for personal or organisational development purposes but is not to be sold or published in any form. Robert Smith MBA is a widely sought-after, international consultant renowned for his enthusiastic motivational and forthright style.
He has over 25 years of experience developing leaders in a wide range of settings. Robert's early years of consultancy were mainly working for IBM in Europe, Middle East and Africa on their leadership development programmes. Robert has a remarkable skill-set including being a psychotherapist UKCP registered and is able, by using the latest psychological methods, to help people remove limiting beliefs relating to achievement and success.
Robert's early work with major international corporate and institutional clients included the Motorola MBA intake programme and training the United Nations peacekeeping force in Bosnia. In more recent years, Robert Smith has become a highly respected international trainer enabling the development of trainers, coaches, consultants and organizational leaders, across more than 40 different nationalities.
He now runs a training centre in Turkey as well as maintaining training and coaching activities in the UK. Robert can be contacted via email: robert-smith freeuk. Its techniques offer substantial advantages to people performing most roles in organizations: Directors and executives Managers at all levels Sales people Administrators Engineering and technical staff Customer care operatives Receptionists Secretarial staff Trainers HR and counselling staff How is the Neuro-Linguistic Programming Technique Useful?
It can equip people with the skills to: Set clear goals and define realistic strategies Coach new and existing staff to help them gain greater satisfaction from their contribution Understand and reduce stress and conflict Improve new customer relationship-building and sales performance Enhance the skills of customer care staff and reduce customer loss Improve people's effectiveness, productivity and thereby profitability Operational Principles NLP consists of a set of powerful techniques for rapid and effective behavioural modification and an operational philosophy to guide their use.
Take action now See NLP principle 4 - time for action It is important to have specific outcomes that want to be achieved. NLP lists certain well-formedness conditions that outcomes should meet: The outcome needs to be stated in positive terms. This means that the outcome must be what you want and not what you do not want to happen. Outcomes must be capable of being satisfied.
Outcomes must be testable and demonstrable in sensory experience. This is necessary as a means of measuring progress towards the achievement of the outcome. With an evidence procedure for the outcome, it is possible to determine whether or not you are making progress towards achieving the outcome. The desired state must be sensory specific. You must be able to say what it would look like, sound like and feel like if you have achieved the outcome.
The outcome or desired state must be initiated and maintained by the subject. This places the locus i. This means having an outcome that you can achieve yourself through your actions and behaviours as opposed to basing the outcome that is trying to be achieved on an external locus of control. The outcome must be appropriately and explicitly contextualised.
This means that outcomes must not be stated as universals. NLP strives to create more choice and never to take a choice or reduce the number of possible responses. The goal instead is to make the choices or responses available in the appropriate circumstances. The desired outcome must preserve any positive product of the present state. If this is not the case then symptom substitution may occur.
The outcome or desired state must be ecologically sound. This means considering the consequences for yourself and for other people and not pursue outcomes that lead to harm to yourself or other people. NLP Principle 2 - Sensory Awareness Once you know your outcome you must next have sufficient sensory acuity to know if you are moving towards it or not.
The meaning of communication is the response you get. The map is not the territory. Language is a secondary representation of experience. The law of requisite variety also known as the first law of cybernetics. Cybernetics is the science of systems and controls in animals, including humans, and machines states that in any cybernetic system, the element or person in the system with the widest range of behaviours or variability of choice will control the system.
Present behaviour represents the very best choice available to a person. Behaviour is to be evaluated and appreciated or changed as appropriate in the context presented. People have all the resources they need to make the changes they want. The highest quality information about other people is behavioural. It is useful to make a distinction between behaviour and self. There is no such thing as failure, there is only feedback. NLP Presupposition 1 - Meaning Equals Response In communication, it is usually assumed that you are transferring information to another person.
There are several major sources of 'misunderstanding' in communication: The first arises from the fact that each person has a different life experience associated with each word in the language. Frequently, what one person means by a word their complex equivalence for that word maybe something different from what another person means by it. The second misunderstanding arises from the failure to realise that a person's tone of voice and facial expression also communicate information, and that the other person may respond to these as much as they do to what is said.
As the old saying goes: 'Actions speak louder than words,' and in NLP people are trained that when the two are in conflict, the person should pay more attention to the actions. Share 0. Tweet 0. You may also like. Coaching vs Selling. Close dialog. Even though the Milton model comes from, and has application to, the world of therapy, many of the linguistic patterns of this model can be found in everyday communication.
The advantage of the Milton model of NLP is that it provides a method for communicating with the unconscious mind. Christopher Collingwood, BA Psych. John Grinder, co-originator of Neuro-Linguistic Programming. The origins of NLP. Click To Tweet The Milton model is a linguistic model of the language patterns used by the legendary psychiatrist, Milton H. Subscribe to newsletter.
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